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    Further stainless steels

    Stainless (“rustproof”) steel is characterised by a chromium content of more than 10.5%, which must be dissolved in the austenitic or ferritic solid solution. Due to this high chrome content, a protective and dense passive layer of chromium oxide forms on the surface of the material. Other alloy components such as nickel, molybdenum, manganese and niobium lead to an even better corrosion resistance or more favourable mechanical properties.

    1.4307 || 304L 1.4435 || 316L 1.4436 1.4438 1.4439 || S31726 || 317LN 1.4529 || N08925 || 6Mo 1.4550 || 347 1.4558 1.4563 || N 08028 1.4580 1.4922

    Heat-resistant
    stainless steels

    Heat-resistant steels are applied at temperatures of 550°C to 1,150°C. The composition of the heat-resistant steels is chosen in such a way that the scale layer formed by the use impedes the diffusion of the alloying elements and thus protects against further scaling.

    This effect is mainly due to the element chromium. Aluminium and silicon also contribute to scaling resistance. A distinction is made between the ferritic steels (alloyed with chromium) and the austenitic steels (alloyed with chromium and nickel).

    1.4828 1.4841 1.4845 || 310 || 310s 1.4876 || Alloy 800 1.4878 1.4741 1.4749 1.4762 1.4835 || 253MA 1.4948 || 304H

    Nickel alloys

    Nickel alloys are materials which are alloyed with at least 30% nickel. They are characterised by extreme corrosion and heat resistance.

    Other main components – depending on the demands – are copper, iron, chromium, molybdenum and cobalt.

    2.4066 || Ni 200 2.4068 || Ni 201 2.4360 || Alloy 400 2.4602 || Alloy C22 2.4605 || Alloy 59 2.4610 || Alloy C4 2.4617 || Alloy B2 2.4660 || Alloy 20 2.4816 || Alloy 600 2.4819 || Alloy C276 2.4851 || Alloy 601 2.4856 || Alloy 625 2.4642 || Alloy 690 N06693 || Alloy 693 2.4858 || Alloy 825

    Alloy steels

    Whenever a type of steel, with the exception of the element manganese, does not contain any element with more than 0.5% content, it is described as unalloyed. These materials have a “C” (carbon) – followed by number corresponding to 100 times the average carbon content – in their designation (for example: C 22).

    Another variant of naming is that the name is composed first of a letter code describing the application, and then of a number corresponding to one tenth of the tensile strength in N/mm² (for example ST for unalloyed construction steel and 52 for a tensile strength of approximately 520 N/mm² = ST 52).

    In case alloy steels do not contain any element >5%, the naming is according to the following rule. One starts with the number corresponding to 100 times the carbon content. Then follow the chemical elements which are the main characteristics of this alloy, followed by numbers which are in the order of the previously mentioned chemical elements and reflect an indication of the content. Each of the elements mentioned is multiplied by different factors (chromium by a factor of 4 and molybdenum by a factor of 10). (For example: 10 CrMo 9-10 means 0.1% C content Cr (chromium) Mo (molybdenum) 9 (9 : 4 = 2.25 chromium) 10 (10 : 10 = 1 molybdenum.)

    Whenever the alloy elements are contained >5%, an additional “X” is placed in front of the “C” code.

    St 35.8/I P235GH St52-3 StE 360.7 TTSt 35N P355NH 16Mo3 13CrMo4-5 S235JR+AR P22 P91 P250GH

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